Laser Pointer

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     Laser pointer, also known as laser pen, star pen, etc., is a pen-type transmitter that is designed to be portable, hand-held, and laser module or laser diode. Common laser indicators are red light (650-660 nm), green light (532 nm), blue light (445-450 nm), and blue-violet light (405 nm). It is usually used by newspapers, teaching, and tour guides to cast a light spot or a light pointing object. But it may damage or affect the place of the guide, such as art galleries and zoos.
    The early laser pointer gas laser produced a laser wavelength of 633 nm. The cheapest laser pointer uses a deep red laser diode with a wavelength of nearly 670/650 nm . A slightly more expensive red, orange 635nm diode. Other colors are also possible, and the 532 nm green laser is the most common alternative. An orange-yellow laser pointer appeared at a wavelength of 593.5 nm. A 473nm blue laser pointer appeared in 2005 and was launched in September. In early 2010, a blue-violet laser pointer appeared at 405 nm.

Colors and Wavelengths of Laser Pointer

Early laser pointers were helium–neon (HeNe) gas lasers and generated laser radiation at 633 nanometers (nm), usually designed to produce a laser beam with an output power under 1 milliwatt (mW). The least expensive laser pointers use a deep-red laser diode near the 650 nm wavelength. Slightly more expensive ones use a red-orange 635 nm diode, more easily visible because of the greater sensitivity of the human eye at 635 nm. Other colors are possible too, with the 532 nm green laser being the most common alternative. Yellow-orange laser pointers, at 593.5 nm, later became available. In September 2005 handheld blue laser pointers at 473 nm became available. In early 2010 "Blu-ray" (actually violet) laser pointers at 405 nm went on sale. (From Wikipedia)

The apparent brightness of a spot from a laser beam depends on the optical power of the laser, the reflectivity of the surface, and the chromatic response of the human eye. For the same optical power, green laser light will seem brighter than other colors because the human eye is most sensitive at low light levels in the green region of the spectrum (wavelength 520–570 nm). Sensitivity decreases for longer (redder) and shorter (bluer) wavelengths. (From Wikipedia)

● Red and orange
   This is the simplest laser because there are red diodes. No more than one battery powered laser diode. The first red laser pointer released in the early 1980s sold for hundreds of dollars. Today, they are much smaller and generally cost less. Diode-pumped solid state (DPSS) 671 nm red lasers are common.

● Yellow
   Yellow laser pointers are extremely rare on the market. The DPSS technique obtains two laser beams having a wavelength of 1064 nm and 1342 nm by adding a nonlinear crystal. The complexity of this process makes the yellow laser pointer unstable and inefficient. The output power varies from 1-10mW with temperature, and mode jump occurs if it is overheated or too cold. This is because the size of the laser pointer does not provide the required temperature stabilization and cooling components. In addition, most 593.5nm laser pointers operate in pulse mode to accommodate pump diodes of smaller size and power.

● Green light
    The nonlinear crystal is excited by a wavelength of 808 nm infrared laser to generate 1064 nm infrared light, and then doudens to generate 532 nm green light, which belongs to a solid laser. Some green lasers operate in pulsed or quasi-continuous mode to reduce cooling and extend battery life. Green lasers that do not require multipliers are more efficient. Even low-power green light can be seen at night due to Rayleigh scattering of atmospheric molecules, which are often used by astronomy enthusiasts to point stars and constellations. The green laser pointer can have multiple output powers. 5mW is the safest to use and is also visible in darker lighting, so no more power is needed for pointing purposes. 

● Blue light
    Blue laser pointers such as 473 nm at specific wavelengths usually have the same infrastructure as green lasers. Many factories began producing blue laser modules in 2006, mass storage devices, and these used laser pointers. This is the type of device that is multiplying by semiconductor pumping. They most often emit 473 nm, which is a 946 nm diode-pumped laser radiation frequency doubling beam ND:YAG laser or yttrium vanadate crystal. The high output power BBO crystal is used as a lower frequency power for KTP crystals.
   Some manufacturers are selling more than 1500 mW of measurement power parallel to the blue laser diode indicator. However, since the power of the "laser pen" product claims to include infrared power (only in semiconductor pumping technology) is still in the beam (for the reasons discussed below), the laser is still present based on the more stringent visual blue DPSS-type components. The problem is usually not applicable information. Due to the higher 钕 harmonics used, the frequency conversion efficiency is lower, and a small portion of the infrared power is optimally configured in the semiconductor pump module. The conversion of the 473 nm blue laser is usually 10-13%, about half. Typical of green lasers (20-30%).
   The blue laser can also directly fabricate an indium gallium nitride semiconductor to produce a frequency-free blue light. There are (447 ± 5 nm) blue laser diodes on the market. This device is a violet laser diode with a light power of less than 405 nm, because the longer wavelength is closer to the peak sensitivity of the human eye. Large-scale production of laser projectors for commercial devices, such as laser diodes , drove prices down. The popular high-power (1W) 447 nm indicator, which also has better collimation and lower divergence, improves the optical version compared to the use of these portable devices with the associated intent and cost of the human hazard has reduced green light The competitiveness of laser wavelengths.

● Blue violet
    A violet beam can be constructed to emit at 405 nm with a gallium nitride semiconductor laser. This is near-ultraviolet light, which is extremely close to human vision and can lead to bright blue fluorescence . In ordinary non- fluorescent materials, also on fog or dust, the color seems to be a dark purple shade that cannot be reproduced and printed. The GaN laser directly emits 405 nm without frequency, eliminating dangerous infrared accidents.

● Violet
   Lasers emitting a violet light beam at 405 nm may be constructed with GaN (gallium nitride) semiconductors. This is close to ultraviolet, bordering on the very extreme of human vision, and can cause bright blue fluorescence, and thus a blue rather than violet spot, on many white surfaces, including white clothing, white paper, and projection screens, due to the widespread use of optical brighteners in the manufacture of products intended to appear brilliantly white.

Laser pointer color and corresponding wavelength

Application

● Pointing  
   Laser pointers are often used in educational and business presentations and visual demonstrations as an eye-catching pointing device. Laser pointer pens are also widely used in sales person, especially for people who sell building or house.
● Industrial use 
   Laser pointers are used in industry. For instance, construction companies may use high quality laser pointers to enhance the accuracy of showing specific distances, while working on large-scale projects.
● Leisure and entertainment
   The most common use of lasers in entertainment can be seen in special effects used in laser shows. Clubs, parties and outdoor concerts all use high-power lasers, with safety precautions. Laser pointers are used for people who feed cats, play games with their cats.

Video show of Laser pointer Pen, laser pointer for cat

How to Use a Laser Pointer pen?

1) Put the batteries into your powerful laser pointer(Positive pole -- outward, negative pole -- inward).
2) Wear laser goggles before turning it on.
3) Press the button ( at the tail of laser pen) to light it on.
4) Rotate the top part to adjust expect light mode.
5) Mount the laser heads (also called laser lens) on your high power laser pointer to transform it into a starry laser pointer pen.
6) Press button to turn it off.

Precautions for Use

1) Do not exposure eye directly to laser beam, in order to avoid causing permanent damage. 
2) Please keep laser out of the reach of children.
3) Do not whack or drop it.
4) Do not let dust fall in the light hole.
5) Do not disassemble the product, or the consequences will be conceited.
6) Do not exceed 1 minutes for continuous use, otherwise it will affect service life.

Factors That Determine the Burning Ability of a Laser

1) Laser Output Power: Higher power laser beams burn things more easily and faster.
2) Laser Beam Width: A thinner laser beam always burn things better than a wider laser beam.
3) Object Color: Dark colored objects normally absorb more light energy so they are easier to burn than light colored objects that sometimes do not absorb light energy.
4) Immobile: A moving laser beam does not give the object enough time to absorb light energy. The laser beam dot needs to keep still on the object for several seconds to make it burn.
 

People Also Ask

● What color laser pointer is the strongest?
   Green. As a general rule, green lasers are 532nm are 5-7X brighter than any other laser color, at the same power. Whether blue, red, purple/violet, or a light color like yellow, green is the best at strength for visibility.

● Can a laser pointer kill you?
   For a laser to kill someone it essentially needs to be hot enough to boil or burn the tissue. It would take about a 1kW laser to boil through someone's eye to their brain in a reasonable amount of time, meaning they probably couldn't get away.

● Is it illegal to point a laser pointer in the sky?
   Laser light shows are usually coordinated with air traffic control and the military to ensure controlled airspace. ... The answer is, no, it is not legal to point a laser in the sky indiscriminately. You are probably OK with a 5 mW laser, as long as you do not strike an aircraft cockpit.

● Are blue lasers better than Green?
   It seems if you want a direct laser diode pointer that by its design works better at low temps, the blue wavelengths the the ones that are available right now. The green wavelengths are more visible and make better astro pointers but nearly all still use the DPSS frequency doubler design that fails in low temps

● Why are blue lasers so expensive?
   Both blue and green laser pointers use a pump diode that gives out infrared 808nm light that is used to pump the same type of crystals. ... The larger pump diode makes blue laser pointers more expensive. The frequency doubling crystals in blue laser pointers are rarer and more expensive than those in green laser pointers.

● Why are yellow lasers so expensive?
   The yellow laser pointer are expensive because they are made with high quality components built using cutting edge laser technology. A very high power diode is needed to make a very low power yellow laser. A yellow laser pointer emits a unique and warm beam.

● Do purple lasers exist?
   The violet 405 nm laser (whether constructed from GaN or frequency-doubled GaAs laser diodes) is not in fact blue, but appears to the eye as violet, a color for which a human eye has a very limited sensitivity.

● Can a laser pointer reach the moon?
   The typical red laser pointer is about 5 milliwatts, and a good one has a tight enough beam to actually hit the Moon—though it'd be spread out over a large fraction of the surface when it got there. The atmosphere would distort the beam a bit, and absorb some of it, but most of the light would make it.

● How far will laser pointers go?
   If you have a real powerful laser pointer, the beam of a laser pointer over 10,000 meters. As any light… to infinity unless blocked by something.

● Can a laser blind a cat?
   When used properly, playing with laser pointers is a fun cardio activity. If you shine a laser light directly into your cat's eyes, however, it can harm your cat's vision and can even permanently damage their eyes, emphasizes Cat Health. A laser's light can burn the retina in the blink of an eye — literally.

● What color laser is the most dangerous?
   Green is more easily perceived by the eye and the beam is visible along its path. But green lasers are also more dangerous. Green is more easily absorbed by the retina than red, so it requires less exposure to cause damage.

● Why do green lasers cost more?
   The human eye is better able to recognize colors in the green spectrum, so a green laser is more visible under bright light conditions. ... For this reason, green lasers are more complicated, slightly larger and more time-consuming (and thus expensive) to build.

● What can a 5 watt laser do?
   A 5W laser cutter can cut through many materials that are up to 4mm (1/6") thick but are primarily used for etching.

● How far can a 1 watt laser go?
   221 meters
   The Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance for this nominal 1 watt, 1.0 mrad laser is 221 meters (725 feet). Beyond this distance, the beam is not expected to cause injury -- but still, NEVER LOOK INTO A BEAM NO MATTER HOW FAR YOU ARE FROM THE LASER.

● What can a 15 watt laser cut?
   It is possible to engrave on most organic materials, such as wood, plastic, leather, and also painted metal. The cutting capabilities are a lot more limited, including mostly paper, thin fabric, and veneer wood. However, the primary use case for this kind of laser is probably engraving on wood.

● What stops a laser beam?
   The best way to stop a laser is to use a mirror to send it away or put some object in the way. The object will absorb the light from the laser much like your clothes absorb some of the light from around you.

● Why are lasers dangerous?
   Improperly used laser devices are potentially dangerous. Effects can range from mild skin burns to irreversible injury to the skin and eye. The biological damage caused by lasers is produced through thermal, acoustical and photochemical processes.

● Is red laser safer than green?
   A green laser is more of a visual hazard than an equivalent red or blue laser. The human eye is most sensitive to green light. This is perceived as being 88% as bright, compared with the potential maximum (555 nm light). For red light at 633 nm, the eye sees it as only 24% as bright as 555 nm light.

● What is the brightest laser color?
   Green
● How does wavelength affect laser visibility?
   In non-technical terms, the closer the wavelength is to 555nm, the brighter it will appear relative to other colors of the same power. The brightest color is green, followed by red, then blue, then violet.

● How dangerous is a 5 watt laser?
   A 5 watt laser propagating in the sky is an extreme hazard to airplane pilots. It can cause a severe distraction and cause temporary blindness as their night vision is shut down. A 5 watt laser pointer is an illegal terrorist weapon.

● What color laser is best for daytime?
    Best Hand Held Laser Pointers For Daytime Use
1) Green at 532nm is the brightest color to the human eye – you'll want to go with a green beam when it comes to daytime visibility. ...
2) 200mW is a starting point – for real daytime use the higher the mW power the better visibility you will get.

● What can a 7w laser cut?
1)  Engrave on wood, leather, acrylics, and many other materials.
2)   Cut thin and non dense woods like Balsa, Basswood, and thin plywood!
3)  Cut many types of foam and plastics!
4)  MAKE incredible objects for projects or production. Your creations are only limited by your imagination!

● What can an 8 watt laser cut?
   With a 8 watt Endurance diode laser you can engrave very fast and cut deeper into materials such as plywood, wood, acrylic, cardboard, hardboard, felt, leather, plastic (ABS, PLA), stone, glass, aluminum, ceramics and more.

● What can a 10 watt laser cut?
  A 10 watt and 10 watt+ laser can easily cut wood, plywood and dark acrylic, up to 1/3'' thick with a few passes, but with white acrylic or plastic it might be a problem since the 445 nm wavelength beam will be more likely reflected from the acrylic surface and will be unable to cut at all.

● What can a 15 watt laser cut?
   It is possible to engrave on most organic materials, such as wood, plastic, leather, and also painted metal. The cutting capabilities are a lot more limited, including mostly paper, thin fabric, and veneer wood. However, the primary use case for this kind of laser is probably engraving on wood.

● What will a 20W laser cut?
   New version 20W Master Laser CNC Cutter with APP Control (for Windows, Mac , Android) excels in fast cutting and can cut materials from 3mm to 8mm thickness. t can cut wood (3-8mm). Depth of engraving (0.5-3mm wood), thickness of cutting(2mm).

● How thick can a 60W laser cut?
   60W Laser. You can typically cut up to 8mm acrylic, up to 8mm soft woods using a 60w laser.